Jan Mayen

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Jan Mayen
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Jan Mayen
Orthographic projection centred on Jan Mayen Island
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Orthographic projection centred on Jan Mayen Island

Jan Mayen Island, a part of the Kingdom of Norway, is a 373 km² arctic volcanic island partly covered by glaciers and divided into two parts by a narrow isthmus. It lies 600km north of Iceland, 500km east of Greenland and 1000km west of the Norwegian mainland at 71° N 8° W. The island is mountainous, the highest summit being Beerenberg in the north (2277 m).

Economy

Jan Mayen Island has no exploitable natural resources. Economic activity is limited to providing services for employees of Norway's radio and meteorological stations located on the island. It has one unpaved airstrip about 1585 meters long, and its 124.1 kilometers of coast include no ports or harbors, only offshore anchorages. Commercial whaling took place between 1633 and 1640 by the Dutch but ended when the Dutch team of seven died of scurvy and the Greenland right whale nearly became extinct. A dipute between Norway and Denmark regarding the fishing exclusion zone between Jan Mayen and Greenland was settled in 1988 granting Denmark with the greater area of sovereignty.

Jan Mayen is an integrated geographical body of Norway. Since 1995 it has been administered by the county governor (fylkesmann) of Nordland; however, some authority has been delegated to a station commander of the Norwegian Logistics Organisation-CIS, a branch of the armed forces.

History

Henry Hudson discovered the island in 1607 and called it Hudson's Tutches or Touches. Thereafter it was observed several times by navigators who successively claimed its discovery and renamed it. Thus, in 1611 or the following year whalers from Hull named it Trinity Island; in 1612 Jean Vrolicq, a French whaler, called it Île de Richelieu; and in 1614 English captain John Clarke named it Isabella, but it didn't stick and later in the same year Joris Carolus named one of its promontories Jan Meys Hoel, after the captain of one of his ships. The present name of the island is derived from this, the claim of its 1611 discovery by a Dutch navigator, Jan Mayen, being unsupportable.

The island is inhabited by personnel operating a Long Range Navigation (Loran-C) base with a staff of 14 and a weather services station with a staff of four. The staff members of both stations live in Olonkinbyen (English: Olonkin City), as the living quarters by the Loran-C base are called. The Loran-C system however is being shut down 31st Dec 2005. The island has no indigenous inhabitants, but is assigned the ISO 3166-1 country code SJ, the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) .no (.sj is allocated but not used) and data code JN. Its amateur radio call sign prefix is JX.

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Overseas territories of Norway
Bouvet Island | Jan Mayen | Queen Maud Land | Peter I Island | Svalbard
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