U.S. Highway 1

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US-1
U.S. Highway

Length:

2,390 mi (3,846 km)
Major cities/towns (over 100,000 pop.): Miami, Raleigh, Richmond, Washington, Baltimore Philadelphia, New York, Providence, Boston, Portland
Commissioned: 1926
Decommissioned:
Direction: South/North
States traversed: FL, GA, SC, NC, VA, D.C., MD, PA, NJ, NY, CT, RI, MA, NH, ME
MAJOR JUNCTIONS
JUNCTION MILEPOST
Legend
  deleted (no longer in system)   unconstructed
  closed   crossing with no access
  begin/end concurrency, bold route is carried through
  a bold route on white background indicates termini.
BROWSE STATE HWYS
{{{browse}}}

United States Highway 1 is a United States highway which parallels the east coast of the United States. It runs 2,390 miles (3,846 km) from Key West, Florida in the south to Fort Kent, Maine at the Canadian border in the north. US 1 parallels Interstate 95, although for a longer route and usually further to the west. It connects the major cities of the east coast, including: Miami, Florida; Fort Lauderdale, Florida; Jacksonville, Florida; Augusta, Georgia; Columbia, South Carolina; Raleigh, North Carolina; Petersburg, Virginia; Richmond, Virginia; Fredericksburg, Virginia; Alexandria, Virginia; Washington, DC; Baltimore, Maryland; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Trenton, New Jersey; Newark, New Jersey; New York, New York; Bridgeport, Connecticut; New Haven, Connecticut; Providence, Rhode Island; Boston, Massachusetts; Portsmouth, New Hampshire; and Portland, Maine.

Theoretically, the highway is numbered "US 1" because it is the U.S. Federal Highway furthest east, and north-south highways are numbered east to west; however, several U.S. Highways run east of US 1, such as U.S. Highway 13 and most of U.S. Highway 17. The location of the road may have been influenced by the desires of several large cities to have a "major" road run through them; the location of the fall line at the foot of the Appalachian Mountains may have influenced the highway's location as well.

US 1 replaced the pre-existing "NE 1" of the New England Interstate Highway System instituted in 1922. US 1 largely follows the route of the Atlantic Highway and originally shared the same termini of Fort Kent, Maine and Miami, Florida. A major exception is the route between Augusta, Georgia and Jacksonville, Florida, where a more inland route was selected. Early auto trails often overlapped; as a result, in Virginia, it was also known as Jefferson Davis Highway. The section from Miami, Florida to Jacksonville, Florida duplicates the Dixie Highway; that from New York City to Providence, Rhode Island duplicates the Boston Post Road. The names of the old auto trails are still used locally in many places.


Contents

Termini

As of 2005, the highway's northern terminus is in Fort Kent, Maine at the Canadian border, where it crosses the Saint John River and intersects Provincial Highway 205. Its southern terminus was originally Miami, Florida and was later extended to Key West, Florida, the southwesternmost island in the Florida Keys, where it is known as the Overseas Highway.

Length / States Traversed

An old-style US 1 shield in the Florida Keys.
An old-style US 1 shield in the Florida Keys.

The highway passes through the following states and jurisdictions:

Miles km state
529 851 Maine
16 26 New Hampshire
93 150 Massachusetts
57 92 Rhode Island
117 188 Connecticut
22 35 New York
66 106 New Jersey
81 130 Pennsylvania
81 130 Maryland
? ? District of Columbia
197 317 Virginia
172 277 North Carolina
171 275 South Carolina
220 354 Georgia
533 858 Florida
2393 3851 Total

Florida

One of the last remaining colored-shield US 1 signs, in Boca Raton
Enlarge
One of the last remaining colored-shield US 1 signs, in Boca Raton

In Florida, where signs for U.S. Highways formerly had different colors for each highway, the "shield" for US 1 was red. Florida began using the colored shields in 1956, but during the 1980's the MUTCD was revised to specify only a black and white color scheme for U.S. Highway shields. As such, Federal funds were no longer available to maintain the colored signs. On August 27, 1993, the decision was made to no longer produce colored signs. Since then, the remaining colored signs have gradually been replaced by black-and-white signs; at present, there are a few rare colored ones still in place.

US 1 is a designated Blue Star Memorial Highway along its entire route through the state. Markers are placed at various locations, including one in Rockledge, Florida.

Florida State Road A1A runs next to the Atlantic Ocean, roughly parallel to US 1 for much of its path through Florida.

Georgia

In Georgia, US Highway 1 is generally a very rural highway, it runs through the historical plantation areas, it goes through the [[Okefenokee Swamp]] near the coast of Georgia.

South Carolina

In much of South Carolina, US 1 is known as 'Two Notch as the road used to be marked by posts into which two notches were carved.

North Carolina

The US Route 1 is known as the "Fall Line Highway" in the state of North Carolina since it runs in the central part of the state in the "Capital" region near Raleigh for 208 miles, it generally goes through the area of peach orchards in the Piedmont Plateau.

Virginia

In Virginia, US 1 is known as the Jefferson Davis Highway.

Maryland

In Maryland US Route 1 passes through (from south to north) the border with Washington D.C., Hyattsville, College Park (including the University of Maryland campus), Beltsville, Laurel, Baltimore City where it is known as Washington Boulevard. In Baltimore City it is known as Monroe and Fulton Streets and traverses the North end of the city where its appropriately named North Avenue representing the old boundary of the city. It is then known as Bel Air Road from Northeast Baltimore until Fallston, MD where it becomes the Bel Air Bypass, and finally it becomes Conowingo Road after crossing MD 543. A long section of rural areas, near the mouth of the Susquehanna River where it crosses over the Conowingo Dam the first road to physically cross over a dam in 1927 connects with the upper neck of the Chesapeake Bay, and then hits the Pennsylvania border.

Pennsylvania

Route 1 enters Pennsylvania through Chester County's southern end, where it is known as "Baltimore Pike", and passes through such major Chester County towns as Kennett Square and Oxford. Before intersecting with U.S. Highway 202 in Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania (at an intersection commonly known as "Painter's Crossing"), it passes by Longwood Gardens, a year-round botanical garden attraction.

The road winds through Chadds Ford and Wawa, Pennsylvania, wherein it provides an address to the Wawa Dairy Farms, which went on to create Wawa Food Markets, one of the most successful local convenience store chains in the United States. Before arriving in Media, Pennsylvania, it becomes the "Media Bypass," a superhighway that runs to the north of busy downtown Media. "Baltimore Pike," meanwhile, becomes a local road, running parallel to Route 1 through Media and Springfield, Pennsylvania before terminating in West Philadelphia near the University of Pennsylvania.

After providing drivers access to Interstate 476 (this interchange is one of the busiest on I-476), the route becomes a local road again, dubbed "Township Line Road", as it continues north through towns such as Springfield, Drexel Hill, and Upper Darby. For a long time, this portion of Route 1 was the only place in all of Delaware County, Pennsylvania containing a Subway restaurant.

Passing PA Route 3 in Upper Darby, Pennsylvania, not too far from the SEPTA transit system's 69th Street Terminal, Route 1 drops the "Township Line Road" moniker at Haverford Avenue, which separates Philadelphia and Delaware counties. It is now "City Avenue" (locally known as "City Line Avenue") and acts as a border between the city of Philadelphia and the suburbs of Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. St. Joseph's University makes its home on this particular stretch of the route, as do Philadelphia television stations WPVI-TV and WCAU-TV, whose studios happen to be on opposite sides of the roadway. Many of the city's radio stations are located just off of City Avenue, mainly in Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania.

At the Schuylkill River, Route 1 interchanges (and is even a temporary part of) Interstate 76 (the Schuylkill Expressway portion). This, too, is one of the busiest interchanges in the region, witnessing traffic backups in all directions during morning and afternoon rush hours. Now completely within the Philadelphia city limits, it becomes the Roosevelt Expressway over the river and finally just the Roosevelt Boulevard. This portion of Route 1 is the proverbial lifeline of those wishing to access Northeast Philadelphia and regularly sees traffic tie-ups at all of its major intersections. The Roosevelt Boulevard portion of Route 1 is separated into two sections in each direction (a superhighway "inner drive" portion and a local road "outer drive" portion) and is home to the intersections of Northeast Philadelphia streets Red Lion Road and Grant Avenue, two of the top three most dangerous intersections in the United States. Riders will also pass by the large outdoor Roosevelt Mall and the Northeast Philadelphia Airport before Route 1 meets up with the Pennsylvania Turnpike (at the toll road's "Philadelphia" interchange) just across the Philadelphia/Bucks county line.

In Bucks County, Pennsylvania, Route 1 becomes the "Lincoln Highway", an accident-prone superhighway that ferries motorists to and from northeastern Bucks County towns such as Bensalem and Langhorne. The latter suburb is home to suburban Philadelphia landmarks Oxford Valley Mall and the Sesame Place amusement park, based on characters from PBS' Sesame Street program. Crossing Interstate 95, it proceeds through Morrisville, Pennsylvania before crossing the Delaware River into Trenton, New Jersey, acting as one of the main bridges in the New Jersey capital's general area.

List of major junctions

New Jersey

US 1 is 66.1 miles in New Jersey. US 1 begins as the 5.5-mile long Trenton Freeway from the Pennsylvania state line through the city of Trenton up to Lawrence Township in Mercer County. It then becomes a 4-lane or 6-lane principal arterial highway traveling through the Lawrence and West Windsor townships in Mercer County, the Plainsboro, South Brunswick, North Brunswick, New Brunswick, Edison, and Woodbridge townships in Middlesex County, and the cities of Rahway, Linden, and Elizabeth in Union County. This segment is also known as the Herbert Highway and is 40.0 miles in length.

In Newark (Essex County), US 1 becomes a freeway for 3.5 miles and then continues as the General Pulaski Skyway (freeway) after the junction with Interstate 78. The General Pulaski Skyway continues for another 5.6 miles into Kearny and Jersey City in Hudson County.

In Jersey City, US 1 leaves the General Pulaski Skyway and heads north as a 4-lane principal arterial road (Tonelle Avenue and Broad Avenue) into North Bergen township in Hudson County and Fairview, Ridgefield, Palisades Park and Fort Lee in Bergen County. This section is 10.3 miles long.

US 1 then joins Interstate 95 (together with US 9 and US 46) for about 1.2 miles before crossing the New York state line. US 46 terminates at the state line while US 1 and US 9 continue into New York City.

List of major junctions:

  • Mercer County
    • US 206
    • Interstate 295
  • Middlesex County
    • US 130
    • Interstate 287
    • Garden State Parkway
    • US 9 (southbound) [US 9 and US 1 are multiplexed for 30.2 miles in New Jersey]
  • Union County
    • Interstate 278
  • Essex County
    • US 22
    • Interstate 78
    • New Jersey Turnpike (Interstate 95)
  • Hudson County
    • NJ 139 (to Holland Tunnel)
    • NJ 495 (to Lincoln Tunnel)
  • Bergen County
    • US 46 (westbound) [US 46, US 9, and US 1 are multiplexed for 3.2 miles in New Jersey]
    • Interstate 95 (southbound) [US 46, US 9, US 1, and I-95 are multiplexed for 1.2 miles in New Jersey]
    • US 9W
    • Palisades Interstate Parkway


New Jersey State Routes
Preceded by:
700
(I-895, 1)
US 1 Succeeded by:
3
(2)

New York

US 1 is 21.7 miles in New York. US 1 enters Manhattan on the George Washington Bridge together with US 9 and Interstate 95. US 9 separates 0.8 miles from the New Jersey state line heading north on Broadway, while US 1 and Interstate 95 continue for another 1.8 miles to the Bronx. US 1 then leaves Interstate 95 (at Exit 2B) traveling for another 6.3 miles in the Bronx before entering Westchester County. US 1 travels for 12.7 miles in Westchester County, going through the villages/cities of Pelham Manor, New Rochelle, Larchmont, Mamaroneck, Rye and Port Chester before entering the state of Connecticut.

List of major junctions:

  • Manhattan
    • NY 9A
    • US 9 (northbound)
    • Harlem River Drive
  • Bronx
    • Interstate 87
    • Interstate 95 (northbound)
    • Bronx River Parkway
  • Westchester County
    • Hutchinson River Parkway
    • Interstate 95 (New Rochelle)
    • Interstate 95 and Interstate 287 (Rye)

Connecticut

US 1 runs 117.37 miles in Connecticut. US 1 in Connecticut stays close to Interstate 95 throughout the state and has many junctions with it. It goes through the following towns as the roads listed below. From Greenwich to Branford, US 1 is mostly a 4-lane or 6-lane principal arterial road (with some 2-lane sections in dense areas). From Branford to Stonington, US 1 becomes a 2-lane or 4-lane minor arterial road (it is classified as a principal arterial road within Waterford town).

Route

Note: This section uses [] () to indicate a one-way pair. Streets appearing in [] are the northbound or eastbound side. Streets appearing in () are the southbound or westbound side. The reading order inside the brackets and parentheses is the same as outside.

Greenwich: 5.67 miles; New York State line to Stamford city line

  • West Putnam Avenue and East Putnam Avenue
    • Junction with Interstate 95 at Exit 5

Stamford: 3.30 miles; Greenwich town line to Darien town line

  • West Main Street, Tresser Boulevard and East Main Street
    • Junction with Interstate 95 at Exit 9

Darien: 3.91 miles; Stamford city line to Norwalk city line

  • Boston Post Road
    • Junction with Interstate 95 at Exit 11 and 13

Norwalk: 5.11 miles; Darien town line to Westport town line

  • Connecticut Avenue, Van Buren Avenue, Belden Avenue, Cross Street, North Avenue and Westport Avenue

Westport: 4.78 miles; Norwalk city line to Fairfield town line

  • Post Road West and Post Road East

Fairfield: 5.43 miles; Westport town line to Bridgeport city line

  • Post Road, Kings Highway Cutoff and Kings Highway East
    • Junction with Interstate 95 at Exit 19, 23, and 24

Bridgeport: 4.73 miles; Fairfield town line to Stratford town line

  • North Avenue and Boston Avenue

Stratford: 2.41 miles; Bridgeport city line to Milford city line

  • Boston Avenue and Barnum Avenue
    • Junction with Interstate 95 at Exit 33

Milford: 6.26 miles; Stratford town line to Orange town line

  • Bridgeport Avenue and Boston Post Road
    • Junction with Interstate 95 at Exit 34 and 39

Orange: 2.86 miles; Milford city line to West Haven city line

  • Boston Post Road

West Haven: 2.07 miles; Orange town line to New Haven city line

  • Boston Post Road

New Haven: 4.08 miles; West Haven city line to East Haven town line

  • Orange Avenue, Columbus Avenue, Church Street South, Columbus Plaza, Water Street and Forbes Avenue

East Haven: 1.55 miles; New Haven city line to Branford town line

  • Saltonstall Parkway
    • Junction with Interstate 95 at Exit 51

Branford: 6.96 miles; East Haven town line to North Branford town line

  • West Main Street, North Main Street and East Main Street
    • Junction with Interstate 95 at Exit 53, 54, and 55

North Branford: 0.06 miles; Branford town line to Guilford town line

  • Boston Post Road

Guilford: 5.83 miles; North Branford town line to Madison town line

  • Boston Post Road
    • Junction with Interstate 95 at Exit 57 and 59

Madison: 5.65 miles; Guilford town line to Clinton town line

  • Boston Post Road
    • Junction with Interstate 95 at Exit 62

Clinton: 3.30 miles; Madison town line to Westbrook town line

  • West Main Street and East Main Street

Westbrook: 3.91 miles; Clinton town line to Old Saybrook town line

  • Boston Post Road

Old Saybrook: 4.99 miles; Westbrook town line to Old Lyme town line

  • Boston Post Road and Interstate 95

Old Lyme: 5.78 miles; Old Saybrook town line to East Lyme town line

  • Interstate 95, Neck Road, Halls Road and Boston Post Road
    • Junction with Interstate 95 at Exit 70

East Lyme: 4.83 miles; Old Lyme town line to Waterford town line

  • Boston Post Road
    • Junction with Interstate 95 at Exit 75

Waterford: 4.78 miles; East Lyme town line to New London city line

  • Boston Post Road

New London: 3.62 miles; Waterford town line to Groton town line

  • Bank Street, [Bank Street, Jefferson Avenue] (Colman Street), Colman Street, [South Frontage Road] (North Frontage Road) and Interstate 95
    • Junction with Interstate 95 at Exit 83

Groton: 7.23 miles; New London city line to Stonington town line

  • Interstate 95, [I-95 ramp] (Long Hill Road, Gold Star Highway), Long Hill Road, Poquonnock Road, Fort Hill Road, New London Road and West Main Street
    • Junction with Interstate 95 at Exit 85 and 86

Stonington: 8.27 miles; Groton town line to Rhode Island State line

  • East Main Street, Broadway, Roosevelt Street, Williams Avenue, Stonington-Westerly Road, South Broad Street and West Broad Street
    • US 1A (1.93 miles) loop route (North Water Street, Trumbull Avenue, Alpha Avenue and Elm Street)

Rhode Island

US 1 runs 56.8 miles in Rhode Island. It has a business/bypass split in Warwick where US 1 Business runs along Post Road and US 1 Bypass runs along Post Road Bypass. The business route is officially recognized by the Rhode Island Department of Transportation as US 1.

Route

Note: This section uses [] () to indicate a one-way pair. Streets appearing in [] are the northbound or eastbound side. Streets appearing in () are the southbound or westbound side. The reading order inside the brackets and parentheses is the same as outside.

US 1 takes the following route through the State (South to North):

  • Westerly: 6.4 miles; Connecticut State line to Charlestown town line
    • Broad Street, [Main Street, Union Street] (Broad Street), Broad Street, Granite Street, Franklin Street, Post Road and Shore Road
Rhode Island State Highways
1A 2 3 4 5 7 10 12
14 15 24 33 37 51 77 78
81 91 94 96 98 99 100 101
102 103 103A 104 107 108 110 112
113 114 114A 115 116 117 117A 118
120 121 122 123 126 128 136 138
138A 146 146A 152 165 177 179 214
216 238 246 401 402 403  
Interstates
84 95 195 295 895  
U.S. Highways
1 1A 6 6A 44  
Decommissioned State Highways
1B 1C 11 84 95 142 195

Massachusetts

Massachusetts State Highways
1A 2 2A 3 3A 4 6A 7A 8 8A 9 10
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20A 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 28A 30 31 32 32A 33 35 36
37 38 39 40 41 43 47 49 52 53 56 57
58 60 62 63 66 67 68 70 71 75 78 79
80 81 83 85 88 96 97 98 99 101 102 103
104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 114A
115 116 117 118 119 120 121 121A 122 122A 123 124
125 126 127 127A 128 129 129A 130 131 132 133 134
135 136 137 138 139 140 140 142 143 145 146 146A
147 148 149 150 151 152 159 168 169 177 181 183
186 187 189 192 193 197 198 203 213 220 225 228
240 286 295  
Interstates
84 90 91 93 95 190 195 290 291 295 391 395
495  
U.S. Highways
1 3 5 6 7 20 44 202  

US 1 takes the following route through the state (South to North): Attleborough to Newburyport.


MA Route 1A runs alongside Route 1 in four parts of the state.

Route 1 is multiplexed with I-93 south of Boston.

New Hampshire


New Hampshire Numbered Highways
1 3 4 9 10 11 12 13 16 18
25 26 27 28 31 32 33 38 41 43
45 47 49 63 75 77 78 84 85 87
88 97 101 102 103 104 106 107 108 109
110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119
120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129
130 132 135 136 137 140 141 142 145 149
150 151 152 153 155 156 171 175 202 236
286


Route

Note: This section uses [] () to indicate a one-way pair. Streets appearing in [] are the northbound or eastbound side. Streets appearing in () are the southbound or westbound side. The reading order inside the brackets and parentheses is the same as outside.

US 1 takes the following route through the State (South to North):

Maine

In Maine US Route 1 skirts the Maine coast line, then heads north, hugging the border with New Brunswick. A total of 529 miles lies in Maine, with spurs in York, Portland, Rockland, Bangor, Millbridge, Machias, and Aroostook County.


Related U.S. routes

External links


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Primary U.S. Highways
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38
40 41 42 43 44 45 46 48 49
50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59
60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69
70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79
80 81 82 83 84 85 87 89
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99
101 163 400 412 425
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